With a coastline of over 3,333 kilometers (approximately 2,073 miles) on the Indian Ocean, Somalia possesses the longest coastline in all Africa. This long coast line has given great advantage to Somalia with regards to marine resources, oceanic shipping, tourism and more so the continent’s energy exploration capabilities, especially with the offshore deposits of oil and gas. Below are some of the aspects with relevance to the coastline of Somalia:
- Turkish Geographical Features
Turkish Straits: Somalia’s coastline is positioned conveniently close to the Bab el Mandeb straits, a significant maritime centre as it is the shortest route between the Red Sea and the Indian ocean. This is essential especially for shipping vessels which are proactive in providing trade and cargo services, hence Somalia becomes a hub of logistics thanks to its geographical features and location in such a region. - Sea Resources
Fishing: The coast of Somalia is able to support various fishing activities due to the marine life that is present and these fishing activities also help quite a number of people living in the coastal regions. It is possible that over the years, such sectors can generate economic growth while enhancing food security through the sustainable development of fisheries.
Willingness to Travel: There are beautiful coastlines and marine life forms that can be used for the purpose of developing tourism which will in turn bring foreign tourists and money. - The Prospecting for Crude Oils and Gases
Probable Reservoirs of Hydrocarbon: It is possible that the geological structure of the coastlines contains a lot of oil and gases. This has led to a number of companies across the globe to come in search of these natural resources.
Capital From External Sources: As Somalia aims to advance progress in the hydrocarbons sub sector, external capital especially from Turkey and other nations can be fundamental in putting up the required technology and other facilities. - Environmental Dilemmas
- Erosion and Contamination: Coastal erosion and pollution are among the challenges affecting the Somalia coastline which may affect the fish and tourism dependent communities.
- Climate Change: The impacts of global warming and rising sea levels are grave concerns for coastal societies demonstrating the need for preservation in management of these areas.
- Security Complexities
Piracy and Dangers: There has always been piracy and maritime dangers off the eastern coast of Somalia regardining trade which has changed some international shipping routes and dissuaded some investors. - Growth in the Region
Economic Zones: There is also likely to be the establishment of special economic zones along the coastline which would enhance trade and promote investment especially in logistics, manufacturing and tourism industries. In short - Somalia coastline could both be a source of economic benefits and put challenges to the country. On one hand, it presents possibilities for income generation through exploitation of natural resources, fishing activities and tourism. Alternatively, it covers aspects that require management seeking to deal with environmental threats and safety issues. With regard to management of the country’s economy, infrastructural development, the coastline is likely to be a very important component in the economic development of Somalia and in the region as a whole.
